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Liberia:
Past and Present of Africa's
Oldest Republic

 

 

 

Cape Mesurado 1890

                             

 Update webblog May 2, 2008  

Trustee R.M. McGill 1846


The creation of Liberia (1822-1847)
 

In the beginning of the 19th century, groups of free-born blacks, freed slaves and mulattoes from the United States of America emigrated to the west coast of Africa. In 1847, 25 years after the first successful colonisation, they proclaimed an independent Republic, which they named Liberia. At that time they numbered about 3,000: men, women and children.  
(more) 

             
About the author    contact

PRESENT

Click on map to zoom in on
Encarta map of Liberia

Liberia Makes
History Again!

 

November 5, 2007
The Medal of Freedom
is the highest civil honor that a President of the United States can bestow.
America honored President Sirleaf as "a woman of courage, and a giver of hope."

President George W. Bush awards the Presidential Medal of Freedom to Liberian President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf during a ceremony Monday, Nov. 5, 2007, in the East Room. "When free elections returned to Liberia, the voters made history," said President Bush. "They chose her to be the first woman ever elected to lead a nation on the continent of Africa." White House photo by Eric Draper
Full storyvidcamera001.gif (233 bytes)
 
Ellen Johnson Sirleaf 1st  elected female African President
 

    
Charles Taylor 1st African Head of State on War Crimes Tribunal

Latest news:
Taylor's 5 billion dollars. NEW


    

Trial of Charles Taylor Blog
Gus Kouwenhoven Free: Insufficient evidence to convict conflict timber trader.
Liberia and the UN

Security Council resolution 1521
     (2003)

Travel Ban list.
Last updated march 27, 2008

 

Embargoes/sanctions

UNMIL
 

Liberia and the international donor community
 
Governance and Economic
     Management Assistance
     Program (GEMAP)
Debt relief
     IMF, World Bank clear Liberia for
     debt relief
     March 19, 2008
  

Liberia and Foreign Investments
 
Overview

 
Mittal Resumes Full Operation
in Bassa.

 
Senate approval of $1bn deal with Mittal paves the way for the rehabilitation of the iron ore sector!

 

Human Rights
 
Human Rights Watch 2006
 
United Nimba Citizen's Council 2003
 

 

 

Publications quoted /
additional reading

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
National Symbols:
 

The flag
The seal
The anthem: text
The anthem: sound
  

 


Religion and superstition:

History  of ritutal killings in Liberia;
Ritual killings continue to be a plague.

But  not only  in Liberia.
Africa
Update May 14, 2008
Asia
South America
 

 

 

Recommended  Reading

 


The Colony of Liberia before 1847
based on U.S. newspapers (1817-1847)


Images of 19th century colonists ('Americo- Liberians') and the stories behind them.
 


Liberia after 1847

Political History   

One dollar banknote Liberia 1862, signed by Vice-President Daniel Bashiel Warner.

 

 


Economic History

The original publication of the
"Open Door Policy of Liberia -
An Economic History of
Modern Liberia" (1983)
now as  pdf-file available.


The study covers the prelude,  introduction, growth and zenith of
foreign investments in Liberia.
   
After the Doe Administration and the civil war Liberia had to start from scratch. The lessons of the past should not be forgotten.
  • Volume 1 (460 pp.)
    Chapter 1: The Pepper Coast Before 1847
    Chapter 2: The origin of the Closed Door and Open Door Policies 1847 - 1947
    Chapter 3-10: Agriculture, Mining, Forestry (Firestone, Lamco etc.)
    Chapter 10-13: Analysis of impact (Fiscal contribution, transfer of technology, transport and communication)
    Chapter 13: The change from a subsistence economy into a developing economy 1900 - 1979
    Chapter 14: Conclusions and Recommandations
     

  • Volume 2  (234 pp.)
    (Annexes, Bibliography, Footnotes, Index)

*****

Foreign investments:

The subsistence economy:

President Tubman and Queen Juliana during a State visit to the Netherlands in 1956.

Liberia and the Netherlands:

 

Colony of Liberia coin issued 1833 American Colonization Society

 

 


Money

Monetary development 

The decision of President Edwin Barclay (1930-1944) to adopt the US dollar as the sole legal tender in Liberia
as from December 31, 1943 very clearly symbolizes the political orientation of the first African Republic as well as it's financial and economic dependence. (more)

 

1743 map by Professor Johann Matthias Haas (or Hasias), Heirs of Homann
   
The Colony of Maryland
(1831-41) became Maryland in Liberia (1841-57) which was admitted into the Republic of Liberia on February 28, 1857, ten years after the creation of the first African republic.
  

Maps Liberia

Colony of Liberia

Maryland in Liberia

 

Republic of Liberia

 

Monrovia

Robertsport

Territorial Changes and Urban Growth

8˝" solid brass ring known as 'waterspirit' or 'nitien', sometimes called Kru money. Weighs nearly 9 lbs.
Collected 1975 near Tchien, Grand Gedeh County
 

 

 


Culture

The peoples of Liberia
The first inhabitants of the region which is now known as Liberia may have been Pygmies, or persons of small size, still referred to in Liberia as 'Jinna'. (more) 

Ritual object or 'Kru money'? 
The origin of these objects is not known with certainty. They were used among the Kru and the Grebo in southeastern Liberia. They call them 'Dwin', 'tien' or 'nitien', meaning water spirits, or 'Gods of water'. (more)

Liberian Music
   

Songs of the African Coast: Liberian Café Music
 
 

ARTHUR ALBERTS: Songs of the African Coast: Cafe Music of LiberiaArthur Alberts recorded music throughout Africa and in 1950 released the landmark 78 rpm set Tribal, Folk and Cafe Music of West Africa. The music on this release included a mix of genres as well as detailed notes by leading academics. The recording showed the intricate connections between African and American music. Read more on the website of cdbaby.com and listen to all the tracks.
 

Liberia Land of Liberty with President Tubman
 
Tubman Goodtype Songs of Liberia by
Congress-Woman Malinda Jackson Parker

 


Bibliography



 19th century scenery at the Kru coast    


 More sites on Liberia:
 
News and Media
 
A directory of Africa and African Studies
 
Advocates for human rights
The Advocates for Human Rights - More than 100 links,  sites, reports etc.!
 
African Affairs - Oxford journals added May 14, 2008
African Affairs is published on behalf of the Royal African Society. It publishes articles on recent political, social and economic developments in sub-Saharan countries.
 
African Studies Center
 
The African Art Collection of Walter Logan Fry
Photographs, letters and objects from the collection of Walter Logan Fry, Cashier Bank of Monrovia 1930s. Of special interest are six figures by the Liberian brass-caster Ldamie.
 
Ajdee Web
General web directory
"General web directory"
The Analyst 
Liberia's Most Analytical Newspapernaly
Class Action
   
Columbia University Libraries - African Studies
   
The Daily Observer
   
Demiurje
News - Press- Radio - TV - Internet Portal
 
The Executive Mansion
 
First Clearing LTD of LIBERIA added May 14, 2008
Under the new leadership of President C. Gyude Bryant and the transitional government, Liberia is forming new International alliances with business and governments.
 
Forced Migration Online
Information on human displacement
"Information on human dis
International Crisisgroup
The International Crisis Group is an independent, non-profit, non-governmental organization
 
Languages of Liberia  added May 14, 2008
An encyclopedic reference work. Also on a map.
 
Liberia  
 
Liberia and Friends
The rants and concerns of a proud Liberian.
 
Liberia Classmates
 
Liberia Encyclopedia
 
Liberia / Dogon / Lobi
 
Liberia  Stories
Elma Shaw writes about living in postwar Liberia, and strives to balance the scale between despair and    hope.

Liberian Voices  added May 14, 2008
Blog intended to stimulate independent views of sociocultural and socieconomic issues affecting sustainable development in Sub-Saharan Africa. The Nation of Liberia is the main focus of this blog.
 

The Liberian Dialogue
The Liberian Dialogue, is a non-partisan, issue oriented
web magazine,whose mission is to provide a forum that will facilitate the healthy exchange of ideas among Liberians and others, in discussing the future of our country.
 
The Liberian Forum
Keeping Liberians Connected
 
 
Liberian History and Society
The largest bibliography found on line by professor Svend Holsoe: Reference Material, Historical  Documents, Texts, Articles, County Handbooks
     
Liberian Online
Everything about Liberia
 
The Liberian Post
An independant and non-political website, dedicated to all the beauty and riches of Liberia
and riches of  Liberia 
The Liberian Times
Liberian news siteeri
an news site
Library of Congress
   
Michigan State University:
A directory of Africa and African Studies
Net
Monrovia U.S. Embassy
 
NETLINB
Network for the development of Liberia
 
Norwegian Council for Africa
   

Roll of Emigrants to Liberia, 1820-1843   added May 14, 2008
Access to information for the Emigrants to Liberia between 1820 and 1843 data, as well as the 1843 Liberian Census Data.
 

The Palava Hut
Voice of the voiceless
 
Joseph Tellewoyan
Rich in information and illustrations - on Liberia and 
Liberians abroad
 
The Perspective
One of the most elaborate news sites on Liberia

 
OnLiberia.org
Indiana UniversityIndiana University
  

PBS - Global Connections: Liberia  added May 14, 2008
This site about Liberia is a part of Global Connections, a group of Web sites created by the WGBH Educational Foundation. Global Connections offers background information and resources for high school teachers, students, and the generally curious to gain a better understanding of key events of national and international significance.

 

PBS - Rough Cut: Liberia  added May 14, 2008
Background Facts and Related Links
Learn more about Liberia's turbulent modern history and follow links to the forthcoming trial of former Liberian president Charles Taylor.

 

Renaissance Hub Portal 
Hub of websites that connects Liberians by providing
the gateway for a web presence and the opportunity
to exchange knowledge, network, and offer products
and information through the Internet.
versity
Reuters AlertNet
Liberianiver
Sea Breeze
Journal of Contemporary Liberian Writings
o
This beautiful and fascinating site combines art, book
reviews a.s.o. and is an asset to the Liberian
Community and to anyone interested in Africa's oldest republic
i
Stanford University:Liberia
Indiana UniversityIndiana University
  
TLC Africa - Snapshots from Monrovia   added May 14, 2008
Wonderful pictures of a recovering Liberia. TLC Africa is an Internet Magazine that Connects Liberians around the world!
 
United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL)
 
United Nations Office for West Africa (UNOWA)
 
University of Maryland: ICONS Project
  
University of Pennsylvania: African Studies Center
  
Us-Africa.org
  
Women's Organisations  added May 14, 2008
 
World Bank and Liberia
  


 

 
      

© fpm van der kraaij

 


 




 

 

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